Movement of labour from one occupation to another
occupation is known as occupational
mobility of labour.
As against the mobility of labour the non-movement of
labour from one labour to another and from one place to another place is known
as labour immobility.
The causes of occupational mobility
are given below.
(a) There are exceptionally talented persons such as musicians, sports persons
and so on. Their supply is extremely limited. Those
persons with natural ability cannot move from one occupation to another
occupation.
(b) Certain jobs require long period of education and training such as medical practitioner
(Doctor), Legal professionals (Advocates) and so on. They take many years
practice to enter into such professions. So their supply is limited and
it is less possible to move from that occupation.
(c) Finance
is a limiting factor of labour mobility. Insufficiency of finance
of the entrepreneur in setting up the business will also limit the mobility of
labour.
(d)
People dislike dirty or dangerous jobs
and unsociable working hours (mid night) at the ordinary wage rate. If
the employer pay a very high wage workers may be attracted.
(e)
Job satisfaction will differ
from person to person and job to job. Some people may be prepared to work
even without the regular pay in relation to the work.
(f)
Lack of information about jobs
that they can do and relative higher wages, many people remain in
the same job or at the same place. These people sometimes work for less than
what they could earn.
(g)
Changes in the fringe benefits or perks
(such as, company car, Free life insurance, free health care
facilities etc.) some are reluctant to move from their job to another job.
(h)
Institutional factors like trade
unions, Professional organization or government intervention also prevent
mobility of labour.
(i)
Other reasons such as, shortage
of workers, length of service and local pay agreement also obstruct the
mobility of labour.
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